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⭐ 5 Star Rated Best Family Law, Criminal Defense, Personal Injury, and DUI Lawyers in Phoenix

CHM Law Arizona Family Law, Criminal Defense, DUI, and Personal Injury Lawyers

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Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test, or HGN Test, Used in a DUI

Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test, or HGN Test, Used in a DUI

If you are pulled over for DUI in Arizona, and an officer suspects that you may have been drinking, chances are the officer will administer the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus test, or “HGN test”.

Mainly referred to by its acronym, the HGN test is part of a battery of three standardized field sobriety tests used by police officers in Arizona and throughout the United States for DUI investigations.
Keep reading below to understand your rights and how our goal is to get your DUI dismissed.

Arizona Forgery Laws Under ARS 13-2002

Arizona Forgery Laws Under ARS 13-2002

Forgery in Arizona is governed by ARS 13-2002, which gives prosecutors broad authority to pursue charges when they believe someone acted with the intent to defraud. These cases often involve financial records, identification documents, checks, contracts, or electronic records. In Phoenix and across Maricopa and Pinal Counties, forgery cases are often charged alongside other fraud-related crimes, which can significantly increase the stakes in criminal law.

Drive-By Shooting Charges in Arizona: ARS 13-1209 and Potential Prison Sentences

Drive-By Shooting Charges in Arizona: ARS 13-1209 and Potential Prison Sentences

Drive-by shooting charges are among the most serious firearm-related felony offenses prosecuted under criminal law in Arizona. A drive-by shooting in Arizona is treated as a violent and dangerous offense because it involves firing a deadly weapon from a moving or occupied vehicle, often placing the public at risk. When police believe someone intentionally shot the gun from a vehicle toward a person, another occupied motor vehicle, or an “occupied structure,” the case escalates immediately into a major felony investigation.

New Evidence Shows a Minor Was Not Read Miranda Rights: How This Discovery Can Transform an Arizona Juvenile Defense Case

New Evidence Shows a Minor Was Not Read Miranda Rights: How This Discovery Can Transform an Arizona Juvenile Defense Case

Parents expect that if police question their child, certain protections will be followed. One of the most important is the requirement that law enforcement read the Miranda rights before custodial questioning begins. But in real situations, especially those involving younger teenagers, officers sometimes proceed without providing the required warning. When that oversight goes unnoticed early in a criminal case, the problem may not come to light until the juvenile court process is already underway.

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